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Geological and Mining Engineering

Geological and Mining Engineering (GME), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. GME is devoted to publish geological and mining engineering related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on geological and mining engineering throughout the world. GME welcomes all original

ISSN: 3029-1887(P)
3029-2034(O)

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Food Safety and Quality


Food Safety and Quality (FSQ), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. FSQ is devoted to publish food safety and quality related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on food safety and quality throughout the world. FSQ welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.

ISSN: 3029-2115(P)
3029-2123(O)

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Hydraulic Engineering and Power Research

Hydraulic Engineering and Power Research (HEPR), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. HEPR is devoted to publish hydraulic engineering and power related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on hydraulic engineering and power throughout the world. HEPR welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

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    ISSN: 3029-2158(P)
         3029-2166(O)

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Medical and Health Research

Medical and Health Research (MHR), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. MHR is devoted to publish medicine related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on medicine throughout the world. MHR welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

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    ISSN: 3029-2190(P)
         3029-2204(O)

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Practical Medical Research

Practical Medical Research (PMR), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. PMR is devoted to publish medicine related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on medicine throughout the world. PMR welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â


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    ISSN: 3029-2085(P)
          3029-2093(O)

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Forum on Research and Innovation Management

Forum on Research and Innovation Management (FRIM), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. FRIM is devoted to publish research and innovation management related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on research and innovation management throughout the world. FRIM welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

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    ISSN: 3029-1933(P)
         3029-1984(O)

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Construction Safety Technology and Management

Construction Safety Technology and Management (CSTM), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. CSTM is devoted to publish construction safety technology and management related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on construction safety technology and management throughout the world. CSTM welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

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     ISSN: 3029-2069(P)
           3029-2077(O)

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Industrial Technology Research

Industrial Technology Research (ITR), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. ITR is devoted to publish industrial technology related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on industrial technology throughout the world. ITR welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.

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    ISSN: 3029-1895(P)
          3029-2026(O)

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Environmental Protection and Health

Environmental Protection and Health (EPH), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. EPH is devoted to publish environmental protection and health related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on environmental protection and health throughout the world. EPH welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

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    ISSN: 3029-1909(P)
         3029-2018(O)

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Artificial Intelligence Technology Research

Artificial Intelligence Technology Research (AITR), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. AITR is devoted to publish artificial intelligence technology related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on artificial intelligence technology throughout the world. AITR welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

    ISSN: 3029-1968(O)
         3029-195X(P)
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Curriculum Learning and Exploration

Curriculum Learning and Exploration (CLE), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. CLE is devoted to publish curriculum related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on curriculum throughout the world. CLE welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

    ISSN: 3029-1976(O)
         3029-1941(P)
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Evaluation of Educational Research

Evaluation of Educational Research (EER), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. EER is devoted to publish education related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on education throughout the world. EER welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.

    ISSN: 3029-1992(O)
         3029-1925(P)
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World Education Forum

World Education Forum (WEF), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. WEF is devoted to publish education related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on education throughout the world. WEF welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.

    ISSN: 3029-214X(O)
         3029-2131(P)

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New Explorations in Education and Teaching

New Explorations in Education and Teaching (NEET), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. NEET is devoted to publish education related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on education throughout the world. NEET welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

    ISSN: 3029-200X(O)
         3029-1917(P)

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Modern Economic Management Forum

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Modern Economic Management Forum (MEMF), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. MEMF is devoted to publish modern economic management related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on economic management throughout the world. MEMF welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â
    ISSN: 3029-2182(O)
         3029-2174(P)

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Research and Commentary on Humanities and Arts

Research and Commentary on Humanities and Arts (RCHA), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. RCHA is devoted to publish humanities and arts related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on humanities and arts throughout the world. RCHA welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

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      ISSN: 3029-2050(O)
           3029-2042(P)

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Research on the Application of the Safe Harbor Rule to Generative Artificial Intelligence Service Providers -- The Construction of a Hierarchical Necessary Measures System

Ning Ding

Abstract


There remains controversy over whether generative artificial intelligence (GAI) service providers can apply the "safe harbor rule"
to exempt themselves from tort liability for generated content. Legally, GAI service providers qualify as network service providers, allowing
direct application of the rule. From a policy perspective, this application stimulates technological innovation and protects user rights. Referencing the EU Artificial Intelligence Act's risk classification, GAI systems are divided into four levels: "minimal risk, " "limited risk, " "high
risk, " and "unacceptable risk." Corresponding exemption conditions apply: minimal-risk systems fulfill post-event response obligations;
limited-risk systems add risk notification and generation identification; high-risk systems assume process supervision and model optimization;
unacceptable-risk systems are ineligible for exemption.

Keywords


Safe harbor rule; Tortious acts; Generative artificial intelligence service providers; Necessary measures

Full Text:

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Included Database


References


[1] Liu Xiao, Ye Yuhao. The Application Dilemma and Solution Path of China's "Safe Harbor Principle" under the Background of the Civil

Code. Electronic Intellectual Property. 2022; (5): 28-38.

[2] Zhang Lili, Hua Zhiyu. Legal Risks and Regulation of Generative Artificial Intelligence. Administration and Law. 2024; (4): 88-100.

[3] Xu Wei. On the Legal Status and Liability of Generative Artificial Intelligence Service Providers. Science of Law (Journal of Northwest

University of Political Science and Law). 2023; 41(4): 69-80.

[4] Zhou Xuefeng. An Analysis of the Tort Liability of Generative Artificial Intelligence. Journal of Comparative Law. 2023; (4): 117-131.

[5] Chen Zhenni. The Tort Liability of Generative Artificial Intelligence——Reflection from the Perspective of Human-Computer Interaction. Western Law Review. 2024; (4): 23-34.

[6] Yuan Xiuting, Wang Han. Copyright Regulation of Infringing Content Generated by Artificial Intelligence. Electronic Intellectual Property. 2025; (3): 4-16.

[7] Browne R. SAP Boss Warns Against Regulating AI, Says Europe Risks Falling Behind U.S., China. Available from: https://www.cnbc.

com/2024/10/22/sap-ceo-urges-europe-not-to-regulate-ai-says-will-put-region-behind.html [Accessed 22nd October 2024].

[8] Zhao Zhonghua, Zhang Qian. Getting Out of the "Collingridge Dilemma": Risk Representation and Governance Exploration of Generative Artificial Intelligence. Available from: http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/21.1383.C.20250616.0925.006.html [Accessed 8th July 2025].

[9] European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. REGULATION (EU) 2024/1689 (Artificial Intelligence Act). 2024.

[10] Youku Network Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. v. Beijing Baidu Netcom Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing Intellectual Property Court, (2020)

Jing 73 Min Zhong No. 155 Civil Judgment. 2020.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70711/aitr.v3i6.8591

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