Engineering Application of Microbial-Induced Surface Modification Technology for Ecological Restoration of Limestone Mines

Abstract

Large areas of bare limestone surfaces are commonly exposed after long-term mining activities, resulting in slow natural weathering, poor substrate conditions, and difficulty in vegetation establishment [1, 3, 4]. Traditional engineering restoration methods, such as soil covering and hydroseeding, are often limited by steep terrain, high costs, and unstable restoration effects. In this study, a microbial-induced surface
modification technology was tested on limestone samples and exposed rock surfaces in a typical limestone mining area. A composite microbial suspension was sprayed onto limestone surfaces under natural high-temperature and high-radiation conditions, and the attachment, growth,
and surface modification effects of microorganisms were continuously observed. The results indicate that microbial coatings can gradually
form on limestone surfaces, leading to visible changes in surface texture and microstructure. This process contributes to the improvement of
surface conditions and provides a favorable basis for subsequent ecological restoration. The findings demonstrate the engineering feasibility
of microbial technology as a supplementary method for limestone mine ecological restoration.