A Comprehensive Review of Engineering Investigation: 
Methods, Challenges, and Future Directions

Jiaqi Zhu

doi:10.70711/gme.v2i3.6337

A Comprehensive Review of Engineering Investigation: Methods, Challenges, and Future Directions

Jiaqi Zhu

Abstract

Engineering site investigation is a critical precursor to the successful design and construction of infrastructure projects. This paper
provides a systematic review of conventional and advanced techniques in geotechnical and geophysical investigations, evaluates their applications across diverse geological conditions, and discusses emerging technologies such as remote sensing, artificial intelligence (AI), and 3D
subsurface modeling. Challenges including data uncertainty, cost-effectiveness, and environmental constraints are analyzed, with recommendations for integrated approaches to optimize investigation outcomes.

Keywords

Geotechnical investigation; Geophysical methods; Remote sensing; Subsurface characterization; Sustainable engineering

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References

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70711/gme.v2i3.6337

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