A Comparative Study of Modern and Traditional Interpretation Styles: Analysis of Representative Versions of the Cello Variations on a Rococo Theme

Abstract

As a classical masterpiece in the history of cello art, Tchaikovsky's Variations on a Rococo Theme is characterized by its refined
structure, elegant melody, and profound emotional depth, making it an important sample for studying the evolution of cello performance
styles. Against the backdrop of continuously changing methods of musical dissemination and aesthetic ideologies, interpretations of this work
have shifted from "classical reproduction" to "modern reconstruction." Traditional interpretations emphasize rational control and formal beauty, focusing on fidelity to the score and purity of tone. In contrast, modern interpretations pursue individual expression and emotional tension,
embodying diversity and innovation. From the perspectives of musicology, performance studies, and aesthetics, this paper analyzes and compares traditional and modern versions based on the historical context, structural features, and performance approaches of the work. It also explores the implications of AI-era music analysis technology for performance studies. The study finds that traditional interpretations reflect an
"aesthetics of restraint" and "structural rationality, " while modern interpretations demonstrate "expressive emotion" and "creative freedom."
The comparison between the two not only reveals the historical evolution of musical interpretation concepts but also reflects the modern pursuit of balance between rationality and sensibility in musical culture. This paper aims to provide theoretical support for contemporary music
performance research and propose references for cello teaching and interpretative innovation.