Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and its Association with the Fasting Blood Glucose Test and Control
Abstract
screening, the prevalence of GDM has been rising. GDM increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes for both the mother and her offspring in the short and long term. Fasting blood glucose is a convenient and quick indicator for detection during pregnancy. Multiple studies,
both domestic and international, have found correlations between early to mid-pregnancy fasting blood glucose levels and the occurrence of
gestational diabetes, large-for-gestational-age infants, and newborn birth weight. However, its impact on pregnancy-related hypertension and
cesarean sections remains somewhat controversial. Additionally, the long-term effects of early to mid-pregnancy fasting blood glucose on
specific characteristics of pregnant women and their offspring regarding diseases in childhood and adulthood still require further investigation.
To reduce the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM, this article primarily analyzes the impact of early to midpregnancy fasting blood glucose on pregnancy outcomes and preventive measures, aiming to provide a reference for future in-depth studies on
the short and long-term effects of blood glucose during pregnancy on mothers and infants.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
[1] Aldworth J, Patterson C, Jacobs E, et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th edition[R]. International Diabetes Federation, 2021:53-55.
[2] Zhu W, Yang H, Wei Y, et al. Evaluation of the value of fasting plasma glucose in the first prenatal visit to diagnose gestational diabetes
mellitus in China[J]. Diabetes care, 2013, 36(3): 586-590.
[3] Liang Yi, Li Danting, Chen Mengxue, et al. A prospective cohort study on the relationship between prepregnancy body mass index,
pregnancy weight gain and gestational diabetes mellitus in southwest China [J]. Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition), 2019, 50(01):83-87.
[4] Shmueli A, Salman L, Hiersch L, et al. Obstetrical and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by endometriosis[J]. The Journal
of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 2019, 32(5): 845-850.
[5] Lowe W L, Lowe L P, Kuang A, et al. Maternal glucose levels during pregnancy and childhood adiposity in the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow-up Study[J]. Diabetologia, 2019, 62: 598-610.
[6] Geng X Y. The relationship between fasting blood glucose in early pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus [J]. China Continuing
Medical Education, 2020, 12(8):96-99.
[7] Cosson E, Vicaut E, Sandre-Banon D, et al. Initially untreated fasting hyperglycaemia in early pregnancy: prognosis according to occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus after 22 weeks gestation: a casecontrol study[J]. Diabetic Medicine, 2020, 37(1): 123-130.
[8] Liu B, Geng H, Yang J, et al. Early pregnancy fasting plasma glucose and lipid concentrations in pregnancy and association to offspring
size: a retrospective cohort study[J]. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2016, 16: 1-7.
[9] Gu Ping, Yu Xi, Feng Pei, et al. Predictive value of fasting blood glucose in early pregnancy for macrosomia [J]. China Maternal and
Child Health Care, 2019, 34(17):3949-3951.
[10] Ma L, Flores-Le Roux J A, Pedro-Botet J, et al. Is fasting plasma glucose in early pregnancy a better predictor of adverse obstetric
outcomes than glycated haemoglobin?[J]. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 2019, 234: 79-84.
[11] Benhalima K, Van Crombrugge P, Moyson C, et al. Women with mild fasting hyperglycemia in early pregnancy have more neonatal intensive care admissions[J]. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2021, 106(2): e836-e854.
[12] Yumei W, Huixia Y, Weiwei Z, et al. International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group criteria is suitable for gestational
diabetes mellitus diagnosis: further evidence from China[J]. Chinese Medical Journal, 2014, 127(20): 3553-3556.
[13] Ding T, Xiang J, Luo B, et al. Relationship between the IADPSG-criteria-defined abnormal glucose values and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women having gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study[J]. Medicine, 2018, 97(43): e12920.
[14] Papachatzopoulou E, Chatzakis C, Lambrinoudaki I, et al. Abnormal fasting, post-load or combined glucose values on oral glucose tolerance test and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus[J]. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2020, 161:
108048.
[15] Shen S, Lu J, Zhang L, et al. Single fasting plasma glucose versus 75-g oral glucose-tolerance test in prediction of adverse perinatal outcomes: a cohort study[J]. EBioMedicine, 2017, 16: 284-291.
[16] Zhou Z, Chen G, Fan D, et al. Size and shape of associations of OGTT as well as mediating effects on adverse pregnancy outcomes
among women with gestational diabetes mellitus: population-based study from Southern Han Chinese[J]. Frontiers in Endocrinology,
2020, 11: 135.
[17] Wei Junxiang, Mi Yang, Luo Xiao, et al. Study on adverse pregnancy outcome and its influencing factors in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus with elevated fasting blood glucose [J]. Chinese Journal of General Medicine, 2022, 25(26):3270-3274+3280.
[18] Kurtzhals L L, Nrgaard S K, Secher A L, et al. The impact of restricted gestational weight gain by dietary intervention on fetal growth
in women with gestational diabetes mellitus[J]. Diabetologia, 2018, 61: 2528-2538.
[19] Wang Y Y, Liu Y, Li C, et al. Frequency and risk factors for recurrent gestational diabetes mellitus in primiparous women: a case control
study[J]. BMC endocrine disorders, 2019, 19: 1-7.
[20] Barnes R A, Wong T, Ross G P, et al. A novel validated model for the prediction of insulin therapy initiation and adverse perinatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus[J]. Diabetologia, 2016, 59: 2331-2338.
[21] Kremer C J, Duff P. Glyburide for the treatment of gestational diabetes[J]. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2004, 190(5):
1438-1439.
[22] Castillo W C, Boggess K, Strmer T, et al. Association of adverse pregnancy outcomes with glyburide vs insulin in women with gestational diabetes[J]. JAMA pediatrics, 2015, 169(5): 452-458.
[23] Rowan J A, Hague W M, Gao W, et al. Metformin versus insulin for the treatment of gestational diabetes[J]. New England Journal of
Medicine, 2008, 358(19): 2003-2015.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70711/mhr.v2i4.5493
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
