Immune Thrombocytopenia Complicated by Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis with Intracranial Hemorrhage: a Case Report and Review of the Literature
Abstract
??Case presentation: A 57-year-old Han Chinese woman presented with gingival bleeding and was diagnosed with ITP (platelet count:
009/L). After glucocorticoid, thrombopoietin (TPO), and human intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy, she developed a persistent
headache. Imaging revealed CVST with ICH. The patient ultimately succumbed to cerebral herniation.
??Conclusions: ITP patients with CVST and ICH require stratified treatment based on clinical characteristics, emphasizing early intervention and vigilant monitoring.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
[1] Kohli R, Chaturvedi S. Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestations of Immune Thrombocytopenia. Hamostaseologie. 2019;39(3):238-
249. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1683416.
[2] Machin N, Ragni MV, Comer DM, Yabes JG. Prevalence and correlates of thrombosis in adults with immune thrombocytopenia: An NIS
study. Thromb Res. 2018;172:80-85. doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2018.10.017.
[3] Huang YT. Part I: Thrombosis and Related Risk Factors in Chinese Adults with Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia; Part II: Clinical
Analysis of Eltrombopag in the Treatment of Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia [dissertation]. Peking Union Medical College; 2019.
doi:10.27648/d.cnki.gzxhu.2019.000011.
[4] Capecchi M, Abbattista M, Martinelli I. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. J Thromb Haemost. 2018;16(10):1918-1931. doi:10.1111/
jth.14210.
[5] Yang S, Wang Y, Chen SX, et al. Risk factors for thrombosis in primary immune thrombocytopenia. Chin Gen Pract. 2022;25(5):603-
607. doi: not available.
[6] Ammann EM, Chrischilles EA, Carnahan RM, et al. Self-controlled assessment of thromboembolic event (TEE) risk following intravenous immune globulin (IGIV) in the U.S. (2006-2012). J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2022;53(2):264-272. doi:10.1007/s11239-021-02610-4.
[7] Bhat FA, Advani J, Khan AA, et al. A network map of thrombopoietin signaling. J Cell Commun Signal. 2018;12(4):737-743.
doi:10.1007/s12079-018-0480-4.
[8] Teekaput C, Nadsasarn A, Tanprawate S, et al. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in immune thrombocytopenia patients treated
with thrombopoietin receptor agonist: Case reports and literature review. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022;79:104116. doi:10.1016/
j.amsu.2022.104116.
[9] Rodeghiero F, Stasi R, Giagounidis A, et al. Long-term safety and tolerability of romiplostim in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia: a pooled analysis of 13 clinical trials. Eur J Haematol. 2013;91(5):423-436. doi:10.1111/ejh.12181.
[10] Sar?ta? A?, Batum M, Ata C, et al. Prognostic factors in patients with cerebral sinus venous thrombosis presenting with hemorrhage
and papilledema. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2023;234:108013. doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.108013.
[11] Laukka D, Kivelev J, Rautio R, et al. Physical exertion as a risk factor for perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Brain Behav. 2022;12(9):e2756. doi:10.1002/brb3.2756.
[12] Ferro JM, Canho P, Stam J, et al. Prognosis of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis: results of the International Study on Cerebral
Vein and Dural Sinus Thrombosis (ISCVT). Stroke. 2004;35(3):664-670. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000117571.76197.26.
[13] Ferro JM, Bousser MG, Canho P, et al. European Stroke Organization guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral venous
thrombosis. Eur Stroke J. 2017;2(3):195-221. doi:10.1177/2396987317719364.
[14] Nguyen VN, Demetriou AN, Dallas J, Mack WJ. Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2024;35(3):343-353.
doi:10.1016/j.nec.2024.02.006.
[15] SAPOSNIK G, BARINAGARREMENTERIA F, BROWN R D, JR., et al. Diagnosis and management of cerebral venous thrombosis: a
statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association [J]. Stroke, 2011, 42(4): 1158-92.
[16] Fan Y, Yu J, Chen H, et al. Chinese Stroke Association guidelines for clinical management of cerebrovascular disorders: executive
summary and 2019 update of clinical management of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2020;5(2):152-158.
doi:10.1136/svn-2020-000358.
[17] Ramos MB, Britz JPE, Telles JPM, et al. The Effects of Head Elevation on Intracranial Pressure, Cerebral Perfusion Pressure, and Cerebral Oxygenation Among Patients with Acute Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neurocrit Care. 2024;41(3):950-
962. doi:10.1007/s12028-024-02020-3.
[18] GHIMIRE S, SHRESTHA S, SHRESTHA D, et al. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in patient of immune thrombocytopenic purpura
managed with mechanical thrombectomy: An anecdotal endovascular experience from lower middle income country [J]. Clin Case Rep,
2024, 12(6): e8931.
[19] LE GUENNO G, GUIEZE R, AUDIA S, et al. Characteristics, risk factors and management of venous thromboembolism in immune
thrombocytopenia: a retrospective multicentre study [J]. Intern Med J, 2019, 49(9): 1154-62.
[20] The Thrombosis and Hemostasis Group of the Chinese Society of Hematology. Chinese guideline on the diagnosis and management of
adult primary immune thrombocytopenia (version 2020)[J]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi, 2020, 41(8): 617-623. DOI: 10.3760/cma.
j.issn.0253-2727.2020.08.001.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70711/mhr.v2i9.8480
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.