Benzyl Butyl Phthalate Shows Opposite Associations with Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in US Adults
Abstract
Whether BBzP differentially affects asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains unknown. Objective: To evaluate
associations of BBzP exposure with asthma, COPD, and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) in U.S. adults, and to examine effect modification
by smoking status. Method: We analyzed data from 9, 501 adults aged ?40 years in NHANES 2007-2012. Urinary mono-benzyl phthalate
(MBzP) was measured by HPLC-MS/MS. Asthma was defined by self-reported physician diagnosis, COPD by post-bronchodilator FEV1/
FVC <0.70. Multivariable logistic regression estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs, adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic status,
BMI, and smoking. Result: MBzP showed opposite associations with asthma (OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.02-1.45) and COPD (OR=0.60, 95%
CI: 0.38-0.95) per log-unit increase. No significant association was observed for ACO (OR=1.09, 95% CI: 0.88-1.36). Significant doseresponse trends were found for asthma (P-trend=0.024) and COPD (P-trend=0.039). Smoking status significantly modified the asthma association (P-interaction=0.031), with stronger effects in never smokers. Conclusion: BBzP exposure has divergent effects on respiratory
diseases, increasing asthma risk while decreasing COPD risk. These findings highlight the need for disease-specific approaches in chemical risk assessment.
Keywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70711/mhr.v3i2.9469
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