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Geological and Mining Engineering

Geological and Mining Engineering (GME), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. GME is devoted to publish geological and mining engineering related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on geological and mining engineering throughout the world. GME welcomes all original

ISSN: 3029-1887(P)

3029-2034(O)

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Food Safety and Quality

Food Safety and Quality (FSQ), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. FSQ is devoted to publish food safety and quality related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on food safety and quality throughout the world. FSQ welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.

ISSN: 3029-2115(P)

3029-2123(O)

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Hydraulic Engineering and Power Research

Hydraulic Engineering and Power Research (HEPR), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. HEPR is devoted to publish hydraulic engineering and power related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on hydraulic engineering and power throughout the world. HEPR welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

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Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-2158(P)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-2166(O)

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Medical and Health Research

Medical and Health Research (MHR), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. MHR is devoted to publish medicine related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on medicine throughout the world. MHR welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

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Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-2190(P)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-2204(O)

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Practical Medical Research

Practical Medical Research (PMR), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. PMR is devoted to publish medicine related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on medicine throughout the world. PMR welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

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Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-2085(P)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-2093(O)

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Forum on Research and Innovation Management

Forum on Research and Innovation Management (FRIM), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. FRIM is devoted to publish research and innovation management related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on research and innovation management throughout the world. FRIM welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

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Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-1933(P)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-1984(O)

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Construction Safety Technology and Management

Construction Safety Technology and Management (CSTM), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. CSTM is devoted to publish construction safety technology and management related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on construction safety technology and management throughout the world. CSTM welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

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Â Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-2069(P)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-2077(O)

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Industrial Technology Research

Industrial Technology Research (ITR), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. ITR is devoted to publish industrial technology related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on industrial technology throughout the world. ITR welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.

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Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-1895(P)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-2026(O)

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Environmental Protection and Health

Environmental Protection and Health (EPH), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. EPH is devoted to publish environmental protection and health related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on environmental protection and health throughout the world. EPH welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

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Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-1909(P)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-2018(O)

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Artificial Intelligence Technology Research

Artificial Intelligence Technology Research (AITR), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. AITR is devoted to publish artificial intelligence technology related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on artificial intelligence technology throughout the world. AITR welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-1968(O)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-195X(P)
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Curriculum Learning and Exploration

Curriculum Learning and Exploration (CLE), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. CLE is devoted to publish curriculum related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on curriculum throughout the world. CLE welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-1976(O)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-1941(P)
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Evaluation of Educational Research

Evaluation of Educational Research (EER), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. EER is devoted to publish education related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on education throughout the world. EER welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.

Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-1992(O)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-1925(P)
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World Education Forum

World Education Forum (WEF), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. WEF is devoted to publish education related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on education throughout the world. WEF welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.

Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-214X(O)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-2131(P)

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New Explorations in Education and Teaching

New Explorations in Education and Teaching (NEET), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. NEET is devoted to publish education related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on education throughout the world. NEET welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-200X(O)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-1917(P)

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Modern Economic Management Forum

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Modern Economic Management Forum (MEMF), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. MEMF is devoted to publish modern economic management related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on economic management throughout the world. MEMF welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-2182(O)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-2174(P)

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Research and Commentary on Humanities and Arts

Research and Commentary on Humanities and ArtsÂ (RCHA), published by Scineer Publishing PTE. LTD, is an open-access journal. RCHA is devoted to publish humanities and arts related articles in the form of original papers, review papers and case studies. It also provides a platform for scholars to exchange the latest information in the related fields and aim to promote the research on humanities and arts throughout the world. RCHA welcomes all original manuscripts that do not be published in any other journals.Â

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Â Â Â Â Â Â ISSN: 3029-2050(O)

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3029-2042(P)

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Scineer Publishing is a publisher of open access journals. Covering various disciplines and promoting interdisciplinary development, Scineer Publishing adheres to a principle of respecting academics, and publishes insightful and rigorous academic research contents.

12 Eu Tong Sen Street, #07-168, Singapore 059819

E-mail: scineerpub@126.com

Copyright © 2023 Scineer Publishing Pte. Ltd.

A Review of the Manufacturing Process and Precision Control of Watch Bevel Gears

Shengyu Li

Abstract

Spiral bevel gears are the key transmission components for the precise timing of mechanical watches, and their processing technology determines the precision and service life of timing. This passage focuses on the manufacturing technology and precision control of watch
spiral bevel gears, expounds the characteristics and selection reasons of materials such as 20AP high-carbon steel, comprehensively explores
the support requirements of key processing equipment (such as lathes, gear hobbing machines, heat treatment facilities, etc.) as well as fixtures, tools, and measuring instruments, and highlights the process flow and quality control points of the core manufacturing steps (including
precision turning of blanks, hobbing forming, heat treatment strengthening, and surface finishing), analyzes the potential mechanisms of common defects in each step and gives improvement methods.

Keywords

Bevel gear; Precision manufacturing; Gear hobbing technology; Heat treatment distortion; Precision control

Full Text:

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Included Database

References

[1] Chen Chan, Gou Rong. Optimization principles and strategies for post-heat-treatment machining processes of mechanical parts[J].

2026(01): 89-93.

[2] Liu Enfu, Yang Tienan, Qi Xijuan. Computer-aided design of watch gear hobs[J]. Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology, 1999.

[3] Zuo Diange. Research on transmission errors and machining processes of aviation fine-module gears[J]. AECC Harbin Dongan Engine

Co., Ltd., 2022.

[4] Wang Kuiye. Design of fine-module gear hobs for watches[J]. Watch, 1978(06).

[5] Liu Pengliang, Liu Xinghou, Geng Jianlin. Influencing factors and control measures of gear heat-treatment deformation[J]. Internal

Combustion Engine & Parts, 2019(21): 94-96.

[6] Yan Chunling. Machining process methods for watch bevel gears[J]. Tianjin Seagull Watch Group Co., Ltd., 2020.

[7] Liu Xiaopeng, Lei Jianbo. Causes and control measures of gear carburizing-quenching deformation[J]. 2009(05): 58-60.

[8] Yang Wenming. Study on factors affecting gear deformation during heat treatment[J]. Journal of Shenzhen Polytechnic, 2014(04): 1-3.

[9] Chen Xiaoying, Chen Wenhua. Discussion on gear transmission issues in watches[J]. Light Industry Machinery, 2006(04): 84-86.

[10] Wu Kai, Li Wenqiang, Li Wenlong. High-speed hob milling of fine-module straight bevel gears based on the H120C CNC gear milling

machine[J]. Machinery Design & Manufacture, 2025(06): 97-102.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70711/aitr.v4i4.10155

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Scineer Publishing is a publisher of open access journals. Covering various disciplines and promoting interdisciplinary development, Scineer Publishing adheres to a principle of respecting academics, and publishes insightful and rigorous academic research contents.

12 Eu Tong Sen Street, #07-168, Singapore 059819

E-mail: scineerpub@126.com

Copyright © 2023 Scineer Publishing Pte. Ltd.